payne



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

'E. PAYNE. SNO PLOW.

Patented July 21, 1885.

WI .TJV' ESSES g, W JJVVEWTOR:

Attorney.

N. pnzns PnNu-m npmr. Washington, a C.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN PAYNE, OF OXBOWV, NEW YORK.

SNOW-PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,849, dated July 21,1885.

Application filed June 3, 1885. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN PAYNE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oxbow, in the county of Jefferson and State of New York,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Snow-Flows, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a machine for clear ing a way through snow onsteam and horse railways, carriage-ways, foot-walks, and the like.

The object of the invention is to cut a way through snow, and at thesame time throw the top snow away from the cut, the snow taken from theout being elevated to the top and likewise disposed of laterally.

My investigations have resulted in the conclusion that snow-plows, socalled, having movable members,particularly rotary devices, fail inefficiency by reason. of the fact that their impact upon the snow tendsto harden the snow, and so render it more difficult of penetration andremoval; and, furthermore, the snow, if wet and heavy, will stick tosuch moving members, and still further decrease the efficiency of theapparatus. Outside of these defects, further serious objections consistin the large cost of such apparatus and the frequency of needed repairs.

I by my invention overcome these evils; and my invention consists in asnow-plow rigid in all its parts, mounted upon a suitable truck, andprovided with knives and fixed conveyors and scrapers for cutting a waythrough the snow and disposing of it laterally at the top of the out, asI will proceed to particularly set forth and claim.

In the accompanying drawings, in the several figures of which like partsare similarly designated, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machineillustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is atop plan view of the same. Fig. 3is a front view, and Fig. 4 a vertical cross-section, in the plane ofline a: x of Fig. 1.

I have shown, as an example of my invention, a snow-plow for railways;but, as before intimated, I do not limit my invention to any one suchuse, and of course may vary the details and proportions and othermechanical features without departing from the spirit and scope of myinvention. Any suitable truck may be employed, and upon this I place orerect my plow, which may be impelled by horse or steam or other power.At the fore end of the truck I arrange aprow, a, the lead- ,ing edge ofwhich is armed with a -shaped knife, I), the top surface of which slantsoff laterally from a median ridge, and above this knife rises in abackward incline a -shaped cutting or dividing prow, 0, which prowcontinues back for some distance until it reaches a considerable width 7beyond the vertical planes of the sides of the truck and knife I) toform what, for want of a better name, I call scrapers d d, which are atthe rear curved or inclined inward toward the body of the machine. Backof these scrapers the vertical sides 6 e of the machine are parallel,and so continue toward the rear end thereof, where they are providedwith other scrapers,f f, shaped substantially as shown in Fig. 2 andprojecting laterally to the same extent as the other scrapers. Theupright lines of the scrapers d are substantially parallel with the edgeof the prow 0, while in the scrapersf they are vertical. The lower edgesof these scrapers are designed to be on or about a level with or justbelow the sills of the car-windows, and in passing through the snow oneof their functions is to remove the top of the snow some distancelaterally from the car-windows. From the knife-edge extends rearwardlyand at a rising incline, with a level or slant outward, twosnow-elevating conduit-floors,g, the said conduits having insidevertical walls and horizontal ceilings and opening outward their fulllengths. The entrance to each of these conduits is provided with aceiling-knife, h, parallel to the knife I), and with a vertical knife,i, the bevel of the edge of which is outside. The inner vertical wallsof the conduits begin an outward curve about the rear of the scrapers d,and such curves merge into the front ends of the rear scrapers, f. Thefore ends of the conduits are surmounted by beveled or slanted floorfalse conduits j, merging in the front scrapers. V

The whole of the apparatus excepting the truck is armored in steel oriron plate, kept well greased, and the armor or sheathing of the floorsg of the conduits overhangs the sides of the truck, as shown in Fig. 4at g. The scrapers d overhang the conduits, as indicated at Fig. 4, tokeep the mass of snow in shape as it is forced up and out of theconduits. A knife may be set in the edge of the prow 0, extending out inadvance of it some distance; and so, also, vertical knives may bearranged at intervals along the knife I), to divide or chop up the snow.In operation, the knife b enters the snow about on a level with the topof the rails, and the prow c cleaves the snow vertically, and, beingwedge shape, presses it out laterally, when it is cut by the knives hand'i, and being forced up into the conduits is by them elevated and thrownoff laterally and pushed aside by the scrapers f. The inclined floors 9tend to keep the snow from packing against the vertical walls andceilings of the conduits, and the projections g of these floors give, inconnection with the width of cut made by the knives z, a clearance forthe plow through the snow and the masses of snow it is moving. The shapeof the scrapers permits the plow to be run back into the cut madein thesnow without undoing the work done in advancing. If the snow-as indrifts--rises above the ceiling of the conduits, the false conduits jwill elevate and dispose of it. The lines of scrapers 1 d are parallelwith the prow, so as to offer the least resistance to the mass of snow,and to have these scrapers plumb with the prow, while those of thescrapers f are vertical, so as to obtain the greatest possibleresistance and efficiencyin moving off the snow laterally. The parallelsides e give spaces at the sides of the plow for the lateral movement ofthe snow and its exit from the conduits. The knives i are offset fromthe vertical sides of the ma chine sufficient to make a clearance forthe overhanging floors g to avoid frictional contact with the wall ofsnow. It will thus be seen that I out a Way through and remove the snowin compact mass without scattering it to the wind, and without liabilityof its falling back into the cut made.

VVhat' I claim is 1. A snow-plow rigid throughout its active parts andcomprising a horizontal knife, a snow-dividing prow, and lateralconduits for conveying the snow in mass from below up and outwardlaterally from the machine, andupright scrapers arranged fore and aft ofthe discharge-openings of said conduits, substantially as described.

2. A snow-plow comprising the dividingprow and knife, lateral conduits,the entrances to which are armed with knives and'extending rearwardlyand curved outward, and scrapers, substantially as described.

3. A snow-plow comprising the upwardly inclined conduits having verticalinner walls, horizontal ceilings, and floors slanting laterallydownward, combined with scrapers projecting laterally beyond saidconduits, a snow-dividing prow, and knives, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the cutting-knives, vertical and horizontal, thesnowdividing prow, the snow-elevating conduits and scrapers, and thefalse conduits superposed upon such conduits and provided with outwardlyand downwardly slanting floors, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the upwardly and rearwardly inclined conduits,and means for dividing the snow into them, of the laterallyprojectingscrapers d d and f f, for removing the top surface of the snow beyondthe cut made below, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the upwardly and rearwardly inclined conduits,and means for dividing the snow into them, of the overhangingandlaterally-projecting scrapers for removing the top surface of the snowbeyond the cut made below and providing for backing, substantially asdescribed.

7. The knives 1', extending laterally beyond the conduits, and thesheathing g overhanging the sides of the plow to give clearance for theplow in progressing through the snow, combined with the prow, and theconduits open laterally throughout their lengths, substantially as andfor the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 2d day of June, A.D. 1885.

EDWIN PAYNE. Witnesses:

WM. H. FINOKEL, E. A. FINOKEL.

